Bilirubin Metabolism - unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin

"Bilirubin is formed by breakdown of heme present in hemoglobin. RBC contain many haemoglobin molecules which are broken down to heme and globin. Heme is further broken down by two enzymes; heme oxygenase followed by biliverdin reductase forming bilirubin and iron.

The bilirubin formed is unconjugated and is lipid soluble. It binds to albumin which acts as a transport protein. The albumin-bilirubin complex circulates around enters the liver system and dissociates.

Here they undergo what is called glucuronidation. This process makes substances such as Bilirbuin more water soluble which allows it to be excreted in bile and urine. It is secreted into the biliary system and is a component of bile."

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